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1961 movie directed by Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins

West Side Story
West Side Story 1961 film poster.jpg

Theatrical release poster by Joe Caroff
Directed past
  • Robert Wise
  • Jerome Robbins
Screenplay by Ernest Lehman
Based on
  • West Side Story
    by Jerome Robbins
    Leonard Bernstein
    Stephen Sondheim
    Arthur Laurents
  • Romeo and Juliet
    past William Shakespeare
Produced by Robert Wise
Starring
  • Natalie Wood
  • Richard Beymer
  • Russ Tamblyn
  • Rita Moreno
  • George Chakiris
Cinematography Daniel L. Fapp
Edited by Thomas Stanford
Music past Leonard Bernstein

Production
companies
  • Mirisch Pictures
  • Seven Arts Productions
Distributed by United Artists

Release date
  • October 18, 1961 (1961-10-18) [1]

Running time

 152 minutes[2]
Country U.s.a.
Language English
Upkeep $six.75 million[3]
Box office $44.one million[4]

W Side Story is a 1961 American musical romantic drama movie directed by Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins. With a screenplay past Ernest Lehman, the picture show is an accommodation of the 1957 Broadway musical of the aforementioned title, which in plow was inspired by Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet. It stars Natalie Wood, Richard Beymer, Russ Tamblyn, Rita Moreno, and George Chakiris, and was photographed by Daniel L. Fapp in Super Panavision lxx. The music was composed past Leonard Bernstein, with lyrics by Stephen Sondheim.

Released on October 18, 1961, through United Artists, the film received high praise from critics and viewers, and became the highest-grossing film of 1961. It was nominated for 11 University Awards and won 10, including Best Film (in add-on to a special laurels for Robbins), condign the record holder for the nearly wins for a musical. Due west Side Story is regarded every bit i of the greatest musical films of all time. The film has been deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in the The states National Pic Registry in 1997.[five] A second pic adaptation of the same name by Steven Spielberg was released on December ten, 2021; information technology was also nominated for the Academy Laurels for Best Picture and 6 other Oscar nominations, winning one.

Plot [edit]

In 1950s New York City, two teenage gangs compete for control on the Upper West Side. The Jets, a group of whites led by Riff, brawl with the Sharks, Puerto Ricans led past Bernardo. Lieutenant Schrank and Officeholder Krupke go far and break it up. The Jets claiming the Sharks to a rumble to be held after an upcoming trip the light fantastic toe.

Riff wants his best friend Tony, the co-founder and former member of the Jets, to fight at the rumble. Riff invites Tony to the dance, only Tony says he senses something important is coming. Riff suggests it could happen at the dance. Tony finally agrees to go. Meanwhile, Bernardo's younger sister, Maria, tells her best friend and Bernardo's girlfriend, Anita, how excited she is about the dance. At the dance, the 2 gangs and their girls refuse to intermingle. Tony arrives; he and Maria fall in dearest instantly, merely Bernardo angrily demands that Tony stay away from her. Riff proposes a midnight meeting with Bernardo at Doc's drug store to settle the rules for the rumble.

Maria is sent home; Anita argues that Bernardo is overprotective of Maria, and they compare the advantages of Puerto Rico and the mainland United states of america. Tony sneaks onto Maria's fire escape where they reaffirm their dearest. Krupke, who suspects the Jets are planning something, warns them non to cause problem. The Sharks get in, and the gangs concord to a showdown the following evening under the highway, with a one-on-one fistfight. When Schrank arrives, the gangs feign friendship. Schrank orders the Sharks out and fails to discover information about the fight.

The next day at the conjugal store where they work, Anita accidentally tells Maria about the rumble. Tony arrives to see Maria. Anita, shocked, warns them nearly the consequences if Bernardo learns of their relationship. Maria makes Tony promise to prevent the rumble. Tony and Maria fantasize about their wedding.

The gangs approach the area nether the highway. Tony arrives to end the fight, but Bernardo antagonizes him. Unwilling to lookout man Tony be humiliated, Riff initiates a knife fight. Tony intervenes, leading to Bernardo stabbing and killing Riff. Tony kills Bernardo with Riff's knife, and a melee ensues. Law sirens blare, and everyone flees, leaving backside the dead bodies. Maria waits for Tony on the roof of her apartment building; her fiancé Chino (an arranged engagement) arrives and tells her what happened. Tony arrives and asks for Maria's forgiveness. He plans to plough himself in to the police. Maria is devastated only confirms her honey for Tony and asks him to stay.

The Jets and their new leader, Ice, reassemble outside a garage and focus on reacting to the police. Anybodys arrives and warns them that Chino is after Tony with a gun. Ice sends the Jets to warn Tony. A grieving Anita enters the apartment while Tony and Maria are in the bedroom. The lovers arrange to run into at Doctor'southward, where they will pick upward getaway coin to elope. Anita spots Tony leaving through the window and chides Maria for the human relationship with Bernardo's killer, only Maria convinces her to help them elope. Schrank arrives and questions Maria about the rumble. Maria sends Anita to tell Tony that Maria is detained from meeting him.

When Anita reaches Dr.'southward, the Jets harass and fifty-fifty endeavor to rape her, when Doc appears and intervenes. Anita angrily lies, saying that Chino has killed Maria. Doc banishes the Jets, gives Tony his getaway money and delivers Anita'south message. Tony, distraught, runs into the streets, shouting for Chino to kill him, too. In the playground side by side to Physician's, Tony spots Maria and they run toward each other, merely for Chino to shoot Tony. The gangs go far to detect Maria holding Tony, who dies in her arms. Maria stops the gangs from fighting, takes the gun from Chino and threatens to shoot everyone, blaming their hate for the deaths. Schrank, Krupke and Physician get in, and the gangs form a funeral procession, with Maria post-obit. The police arrest Chino and pb him away.

Cast [edit]

  • Natalie Wood as Maria, Bernardo's younger sister and Chino'due south bundled fiancée,[6] who falls in beloved with Tony
    • Marni Nixon as Maria's singing voice (also Anita'due south singing voice in Quintet)
  • Richard Beymer as Tony, co-founder and 1-fourth dimension member of the Jets and best friend of Riff, who works at Md's drugstore and falls in love with Maria
    • Jimmy Bryant as Tony's singing vox
  • Russ Tamblyn as Riff, leader of the Jets, best friend of Tony
    • Tucker Smith as Riff's singing voice for "Jet Song"
  • Rita Moreno as Anita, Bernardo'due south girlfriend, and Maria'southward closest confidante
    • Betty Wand as Anita's singing voice for "A Boy Similar That"
  • George Chakiris equally Bernardo, leader of the Sharks, older brother of Maria and Anita'due south swain
  • Simon Oakland as Police force Lieutenant Schrank, a hard-boiled plainclothes detective
  • Ned Glass as Doc, Tony's boss; a decent, elderly Jewish drugstore owner
  • William Bramley every bit Police Sergeant Krupke, a short beat cop (Bramley played the part in the original Broadway product.)

Uncredited:

  • John Astin as Glad Hand, well-meaning only ineffective social worker
  • Penny Santon as Madam Lucia, bridal store possessor

Musical numbers [edit]

Production [edit]

Executive producer Walter Mirisch enlisted the services of Jerome Robbins, who had directed and choreographed the stage version of West Side Story. Because Robbins had no prior film experience, Mirisch hired Robert Wise to co-direct and produce because of his "experience in gritty field of study affair" and his power to complete motion pictures under budget and alee of schedule. Robbins was to direct the musical sequences, while Wise would handle the story's dramatic elements.[7] Robbins directed his portion of the picture show commencement, spending a slap-up deal of time on retakes, on-set rehearsals and discussing setups with Wise.[8] [9] Assistant director Robert Relyea recalled an unusual number of injuries endured by the dancers.[10] After 45 days of shooting, the picture was 24 days behind schedule.[11] With the picture show already as well over upkeep, the producers dismissed Robbins.[12] The remaining dance numbers were directed with the help of Robbins' assistants. Recognizing Robbins' considerable creative contribution to the film, Wise agreed that Robbins should exist given co-directing credit. Robbins and Wise also kept in contact and discussed the product, with Wise taking on board many of Robbins' suggestions about the editing of the moving picture.[13] The titles and end credits sequences were designed by Saul Bass with Elaine Makatura Bass. Bass was also credited as visual consultant for creating the opening sequence over the film's overture. [14]

On location shooting for the "Prologue" and "Jet Vocal" occurred at two unlike Manhattan, New York locations. A playground located at East 110th Street, now Tito Puente Way, between 2nd and 3rd Avenues, served as the backdrop for introducing the ii gangs. W 68th Street between West End and Amsterdam Avenues, three blocks due north of the San Juan Loma community, provided additional realism for where the gangs roamed.[xv] The sound stages at the Samuel Goldwyn Studio, located in Due west Hollywood, California, were used for rehearsals and studio shooting.[sixteen]

Casting [edit]

Although Robbins pushed for 29-year-old Ballad Lawrence, the kickoff Maria, to exist cast in the same role in the moving picture, later on seeing her screen test the producers agreed she was too onetime to play the part. A number of other cast members from the Broadway and West Stop productions were cast in the film. Tony Mordente, who played A-Rab on stage, was cast as Action in the movie, and George Chakiris, Riff in the London phase production, played Bernardo in the moving-picture show. Tucker Smith, who joined the Broadway production several months into its run, played Diesel fuel, renamed Ice for the film. David Winters, the first stage Baby John, played A-Rab, Eliot Feld, an ensemble member and understudy for Baby John on Broadway, played Baby John. Jay Norman, Juano on phase, appeared as Pepe. Reprising their stage roles in the motion picture were Carole D'Andrea as Velma, Tommy Abbott equally Gee-Tar, and William Bramley as Officer Krupke.

Elvis Presley was approached for Tony, but his manager Colonel Tom Parker turned downwards the office.[17] Others who were considered for the office included Russ Tamblyn,[18] Warren Beatty, Burt Reynolds, Richard Chamberlain, and Robert Redford.[19] Reynolds was considered "as well tough" for the part. Chamberlain was believed to exist "too mature" for the role. Tamblyn impressed producer Robert Wise, and was given the supporting role of Riff.[nineteen] Ultimately, Richard Beymer won the office of Tony.

Natalie Forest was filming Splendor in the Grass with Warren Beatty and was involved with him romantically off-screen. The producers were non considering her for the role of Maria at that time. When considering Beatty for the role of Tony, Robert Wise requested a reel of his work. However, subsequently seeing a clip from Splendor in the Grass, the producers decided his co-star Woods was perfect for Maria, but Beatty was not suitable for the function of Tony.[20] Jill St. John, Audrey Hepburn, Diane Baker, Elizabeth Ashley, Suzanne Pleshette and Angela Dorian were among the many actresses who were considered for the part of Maria in the film.[xix] [21]

Editing [edit]

Thomas Stanford won the Academy Award for Best Motion-picture show Editing for his work on West Side Story.[22] The pic was listed as the 38th best-edited film of all time in a 2012 survey of members of the Move Picture Editors Gild.[23] The dance sequences in item accept been noted by critics.[24] In Louis Giannetti'due south textbook Agreement Movies, he writes: "Musicals are often edited in a radically formalist style, without having to observe the cutting conventions of ordinary dramatic movies. The editing of Due west Side Story is very abstract. The music ... and the dance numbers ... are edited together for maximum aesthetic bear on, rather than to forwards the story. Nor are the shots linked past some principle of thematic clan. Rather, the shots are juxtaposed primarily for their lyrical and kinetic beauty, somewhat like a music video."[25] In his retrospective review, Roger Ebert also singled out the dances as extraordinary.[26] Robbins participated in the editing of the musical numbers along with Stanford, Robert Wise, and Walter Mirisch. His notes to Stanford stress that the editing should reveal the characters' emotions fifty-fifty if that compromised the dancing.[27] The quote from Giannetti in a higher place indicates that the notes didn't strongly affect the final cuts of the dance numbers.

Reception [edit]

Critical response [edit]

Westward Side Story is regarded every bit one of the greatest musical films e'er fabricated.[28] It holds a 93% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 108 reviews, with an average rating of 8.4/10; the site's disquisitional consensus states: "Buoyed by Robert Wise's dazzling direction, Leonard Bernstein'south score, and Stephen Sondheim's lyrics, West Side Story remains maybe the most iconic of all the Shakespeare adaptations to visit the big screen."[29]

Bosley Crowther of The New York Times wrote that "moving [the story] from phase to screen is to reconstruct its fine material into nothing curt of a movie theatre masterpiece."[30] Whitney Williams of Variety was also effusive, writing: "Technically, it is superb; employ of color is dazzling, camera work oft is thrilling, editing fast with dramatic punch, product design catches mood every bit well every bit action itself."[31] The Hollywood Reporter called it "a magnificent bear witness, a milestone in movie musicals, a box-office smash. Information technology is so practiced that superlatives are superfluous. Allow information technology be noted that the film musical, the one dramatic form that is purely American and purely Hollywood, has never been done better."[32] Past dissimilarity, Pauline Kael derided the motion-picture show as "frenzied hokum", decrying that the dialogue was "painfully old-fashioned and mawkish" and the dancing was a "simpering, sickly romantic ballet".[33]

Writing in 2004, Roger Ebert included the film in his list of "Great Movies": "Then the dancing is remarkable, and several of the songs have proven themselves by condign standards, and there are moments of startling power and truth. West Side Story remains a landmark of musical history. Merely if the drama had been every bit edgy equally the choreography, if the lead performances had matched Moreno's fierce concentration, if the gangs had been more than unsafe and less like bad-boy Archies and Jugheads, if the ending had delivered on the pathos and tragedy of the original, in that location's no telling what might have resulted."[26]

Box office [edit]

West Side Story was a commercial success upon its release. Information technology became the highest-grossing film of 1961, earning rentals of $xix,645,000 in the Usa and Canada. Information technology remained the highest-grossing musical film of all-time[34] until the release of The Audio of Music in 1965. The film grossed $44.i million worldwide ($400 million in 2021). Considering of profit participation, United Artists earned a profit of merely $ii.v 1000000 on the motion-picture show ($23 million in 2021).[35]

Accolades and honors [edit]

W Side Story won x Academy Awards, making it the musical picture show with the most Oscar wins (including Best Motion-picture show).[36]

American Movie Plant lists:

  • AFI'southward 100 Years...100 Movies – #41
  • AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions – #three
  • AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs:
    • "Somewhere" – #20
    • "America" – #35
    • "This night" – #59
  • AFI'due south Greatest Movie Musicals – #2
  • AFI'southward 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) – #51

The pic's cast appeared and was honored at the 50th anniversary of West Side Story at the 2011 Ventura Flick Festival.[39]

Score and soundtrack [edit]

Leonard Bernstein was displeased with the orchestration for the pic, which was the work of Sid Ramin and Irwin Kostal, who had orchestrated the original Broadway production. That evidence had been orchestrated for roughly 30 musicians; for the movie, United Artists allowed them triple that, including six saxophone parts, eight trumpets, five pianos and five xylophones.[twoscore] Bernstein found it "overbearing and lacking in texture and subtlety."[5]

Stephen Sondheim, who did non similar the sequence of the songs in the Broadway version, had the song "Gee, Officeholder Krupke" being sung earlier the rumble in place of the song "Absurd" which is sung instead after the rumble; the song "I Feel Pretty" is also sung earlier the rumble instead of after. In improver, the vocal "America" was sung in-betwixt the two beloved songs "Maria" and "Tonight", instead of having the two love songs being sung consecutively. Though mentioned in earlier scripts, the "Somewhere" dream ballet was not well divers for the film and was put on the dorsum burner for Robbins to conceive and execute towards the end of shooting. With Robbins relieved of his duties midway in the production, the trip the light fantastic toe sequence was eliminated.[41] "Somewhere" was left to be sung by Tony and Maria in her sleeping room. Reprises of the lyrics were omitted every bit well, specially in the songs "I Hand, One Centre" and "A Male child Similar That". Some lyrics were changed in order to avert censorship, peculiarly in the songs "Jet Song", "Gee, Officer Krupke", "America" and the "Tonight Quintet". Even the phrase "Womb to Tomb, Sperm to Worm" between Riff and Tony had to exist replaced with "Womb to Tomb, Birth to Earth" between Riff and Tony near the offset of the film and "One-Two-Three, Ane-Two-Iii" betwixt Riff and Diesel in the Quintet.

As provided in her contract, Wood prerecorded her songs and immune the production squad to decide whether to use her vox. She found the songs challenging, but was immune to motion picture her scenes lip-synching to her own vocals and was led to believe that these versions would exist used, although music supervisors Saul Chaplin and Johnny Green had already decided to use Marni Nixon's voice. Wood's singing vocalisation is only heard during the reprise of the song "Somewhere" when Tony dies. Though Nixon had recorded the songs in the same orchestra sessions as Wood, she had to re-record them to synch with Forest'southward filmed performances. Even the one song for which Wood had lip-synched to Nixon'due south vocalism, "One Paw, One Heart", had to exist recorded once more considering Wood's lip-synching was unsatisfactory.[42] When Marni Nixon learned that she had not signed a contract for participating in the recording and demanded a percentage of the LP tape, she was told that all percentages had been allocated. Bernstein gave her 0.25% of his album royalties. This set a precedent for all future "ghost singers".[43]

Beymer'south vocals were performed by Jimmy Bryant. Tucker Smith, who played Ice, dubbed the singing vocalism of Riff in "Jet Song", instead of Russ Tamblyn. Tamblyn's own voice was used in "Gee, Officer Krupke" and the "Quintet". Rita Moreno was dubbed by Betty Wand in the vocal "A Boy Like That" because the song needed to be performed at a annals that was besides low for her. All the same, Moreno sang her ain vocals in "America". Marni Nixon sang some of Moreno's parts in the "Quintet" when illness prevented Moreno from doing so. Wand was also ill on the day of final recording, and and then Nixon recorded Anita's vocal line equally well.

For the 50th anniversary of the movie's 1961 release, a score closer to the Broadway version was created past Garth Edwin Sunderland of the Leonard Bernstein Office to exist performed live at screenings of the movie with the score removed, but with the original vocals maintained. The score'southward New York City premiere was presented at Lincoln Center's David Geffen Hall, chosen Avery Fisher Hall at the fourth dimension, built atop the original film locations, which were razed in a late 1950s urban renewal project.[40]

Legacy [edit]

In 2009, photographer Mark Seliger re-created scenes from the pic for magazine Vanity Off-white chosen Due west Side Story Revisited, using Camilla Belle every bit Maria, Ben Barnes as Tony, Jennifer Lopez as Anita, Rodrigo Santoro every bit Bernardo and Chris Evans as Riff. Portraying the Sharks are Minka Kelly, Jay Hernandez, Natalie Martinez, Brandon T. Jackson and Melonie Diaz. Portraying the Jets are Ashley Tisdale, Sean Faris, Robert Pattinson, Cam Gigandet, Trilby Glover, Brittany Snow and Drake Bell.[44]

West Side Story influenced Michael Jackson's "Trounce It" and "Bad" music videos.[45] [46] The first features Jackson as a peacemaker betwixt two rival gangs in a homage to his favorite film.[47]

2021 film [edit]

A second film adaptation of the musical was released by 20th Century Studios on December 10, 2021,[48] directed past Steven Spielberg and choreographed by Justin Peck, with a screenplay by Tony Kushner.[49] It stars Ansel Elgort as Tony, Rachel Zegler as Maria and Ariana DeBose as Anita; Moreno returns as a new character, Valentina, who is Doc's widow.[l] It received seven nominations at the 94th University Awards, including Best Picture,[51] winning ane Oscar for DeBose's operation.[52]

Meet as well [edit]

  • List of American films of 1961

References [edit]

  1. ^ West Side Story at the American Motion picture Institute Itemize
  2. ^ "West Side Story (AA)". British Board of Movie Classification. January 12, 1962. Archived from the original on Nov xiii, 2013. Retrieved June 19, 2013.
  3. ^ Mirisch, Walter (2008). I Thought We Were Making Movies, Non History. Madison, Wisconsin: The Academy of Wisconsin Press. p. 127. ISBN978-0-299-22640-iv. Archived from the original on Dec 27, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2020.
  4. ^ "West Side Story (1961)". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on October fifteen, 2021. Retrieved October 15, 2021.
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  6. ^ a b Miller, Robin (April 23, 2019). "A story of honey and acceptance: Ascension Customs Theatre opens 'West Side Story' April 25". The Advocate. Archived from the original on July 27, 2019. Retrieved July 27, 2019.
  7. ^ Mirisch, Walter (2008). I Thought Nosotros Were Making Movies, Not History. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Printing. p. 115. ISBN978-0-299-22640-iv. Archived from the original on December 27, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2020.
  8. ^ Mirisch, Walter (2008). I Idea Nosotros Were Making Movies, Not History. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press. p. 125. ISBN978-0-299-22640-4. Archived from the original on December 27, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2020.
  9. ^ Acevedo-Muñoz, Ernesto (2013). Westward Side Story as Cinema: The Making and Impact of an American Masterpiece. Lawrence, Kansas: University Printing of Kansas. p. 47. ISBN978-0-7006-1921-4. Archived from the original on Baronial 3, 2020. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  10. ^ Relyea, Robert (2008). Not So Quiet On The Set: My Life In Movies During Hollywood'due south Macho Era. Bloomington, Indiana: iUniverse. p. 155. ISBN978-0-595-71332-5. Archived from the original on March iii, 2022. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  11. ^ Acevedo-Muñoz, Ernesto (2013). West Side Story as Cinema: The Making and Impact of an American Masterpiece. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. p. 48. ISBN978-0-7006-1921-iv. Archived from the original on August 3, 2020. Retrieved September 4, 2020.
  12. ^ Mirisch, Walter (2008). I Thought Nosotros Were Making Movies, Not History. Madison, Wisconsin: The Academy of Wisconsin Press. p. 126. ISBN978-0-299-22640-four. Archived from the original on December 27, 2017. Retrieved August 27, 2020.
  13. ^ Robbins, Jerome; Jowitt, Deborah (2004). Jerome Robbins: His Life, His Theater, His Dance. Simon & Schuster. pp. 283–292.
  14. ^ Horak, Jan-Christopher (2014). Saul Bass: Anatomy of Film Design. University Press of Kentucky.
  15. ^ Barrios, Richard (2020). Due west Side Story: The Jets, The Sharks, and The Making of a Classic. New York: Running Printing. pp. lxx–74. ISBN9780762469482. Archived from the original on October 21, 2020. Retrieved Baronial 10, 2020.
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  17. ^ Clayton, Dick; Heard, James (2003). Elvis: By Those Who Knew Him Best. Virgin Publishing. p. 226.
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  19. ^ a b c Mell, Elia (2015). Casting Might-Take-Beens: A Flick by Film Directory of Actors Considered for Roles Given to Others. McFarland & Company. p. 253.
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  22. ^ Franks, Don (2005). Entertainment awards a music, movie theater, theatre and broadcasting guide, 1928 through 2003. Jefferson, N.C: McFarland. p. 223. ISBN9781476608068. Archived from the original on March iii, 2022. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
  23. ^ "The 75 Best Edited Films". Editors Society Magazine. ane (three). May 2012. Archived from the original on March 17, 2015.
  24. ^ Stahl, Jennifer (September half dozen, 2019). "The Greatest Dance Movies of All Time, Co-ordinate to the Dance Magazine Staff". Dance Magazine. Archived from the original on August iv, 2020. Retrieved March seven, 2020. this Technicolor film version totally wraps you upwards in the drama – mixing full-trunk trip the light fantastic shots (cheers!) with emotional close-ups, and making sharp, musical cuts from the Jets to the Sharks and back once more.
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  32. ^ Powers, James (October xviii, 2016) [September 22, 1961]. "West Side Story: THR's 1961 Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on April 29, 2019. Retrieved May 10, 2019.
  33. ^ Ebert, Roger. "Westward Side Story Movie Review & Film Summary (1961)". rogerebert.com. Archived from the original on December 4, 2019. Retrieved Feb 15, 2019.
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  35. ^ Tino Balio, United Artists: The Company That Changed the Film Industry, Academy of Wisconsin Press, 1987, p. 177
  36. ^ Grant, Barry Keith (2012). The Hollywood Motion-picture show Musical. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 100. ISBN9781405182539. Archived from the original on June four, 2021. Retrieved March 16, 2016.
  37. ^ "The 34th Academy Awards (1962) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Archived from the original on Apr 2, 2015. Retrieved August 22, 2011.
  38. ^ "Jerome Robbins". jeromerobbins.org. Archived from the original on July 27, 2019. Retrieved Baronial eleven, 2019.
  39. ^ "Ventura Film Festival". Ventura Picture show Festival. Archived from the original on Apr 21, 2013. Retrieved Jan 12, 2013.
  40. ^ a b Wakin, Daniel (September half-dozen, 2011), "Classic Score by Bernstein is Remade", The New York Times, archived from the original on December 7, 2013, retrieved September seven, 2011
  41. ^ Barrios, Richard (2020). West Side Story: The Jets, The Sharks, and The Making of a Classic. New York: Running Printing. p. 109. ISBN9780762469482. Archived from the original on October 21, 2020. Retrieved August 10, 2020.
  42. ^ Nixon, Marni (2006). I Could Have Sung All Night: My Story . Billboard Books. pp. 132ff. ISBN9780823083657.
  43. ^ "Secret Voices of Hollywood, BBC 4" Archived February 9, 2019, at the Wayback Automobile by Claudia Pritchard, The Arts Desk-bound, xxx September 2013; review of this programme Archived February 9, 2019, at the Wayback Machine.
  44. ^ Seliger, Mark (March 17, 2009). "W Side Story Revisited". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on July 22, 2010. Retrieved July 18, 2010.
  45. ^ Hombach, Jean-Pierre. Michael Jackson King of Pop Archived January 12, 2022, at the Wayback Automobile, epubli, 2010, p. 27
  46. ^ Dance: From Ballet to Breakin'—Step into the Dazzling World of Dance Archived January 12, 2022, at the Wayback Motorcar, New York, DK Publishing, 2012, p. 134
  47. ^ George, Nelson. The Michael Jackson Story, New York, Dell Publishing, 1984, p. 167
  48. ^ "'Blackness Widow,' 'West Side Story,' 'Eternals' Postpone Release Dates". Variety. September 23, 2020. Archived from the original on January 6, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2020.
  49. ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (Jan fourteen, 2019). "Steven Spielberg's West Side Story Finds its Maria, Anita, Bernardo and Chino". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on February 25, 2019. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  50. ^ Chang, Justin (December ix, 2021). "Steven Spielberg's West Side Story will brand you lot believe in movies again". Archived from the original on Dec 10, 2021. Retrieved December x, 2021.
  51. ^ Cohn, Gabe (February 8, 2022). "2022 Oscars Nominees List". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 8, 2022. Retrieved February viii, 2022.
  52. ^ "2022 Oscars Winners".

External links [edit]

  • West Side Story at IMDb
  • W Side Story at the TCM Movie Database
  • Westward Side Story at Rotten Tomatoes
  • Westward Side Story at the American Film Found Catalog
  • 1961 Original Film folio on W Side Story official website
  • West Side Story on location filming in New York Metropolis

How To Register Side By Side If Not Owner Of Record,

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Side_Story_(1961_film)

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